Pharmacological actions
It is unclear which of the constituents are responsible for sedative and hypnotic properties.
(89) Attention has focused on the volatile oil, and then the valepotriates and their degradation products.
(1)However, it appears that the effects of the volatile oil could not account for the whole action of the drug, and the valepotriates, which degrade rapidly are unlikely to be present in significant concentrations. Current thinking is that the overall effect of Valerian is due to several different groups of constituents and their varying mechanisms of action.
(1)
One mechanism of action is likely to involve increased concentrations of GABA in the brain. Increased concentrations of GABA are associated with a decrease in CNS activity and this action may, therefore, be involved in the reported sedative activity. (1)
Biochemical studies have documented that valerenic acid inhibits the enzyme system responsible for the central catabolism of GABA. (81)Valerenic acid induces the release of GABA by reversal the GABA carrier, and that the mechanism is Na+ dependent and Ca2+ independent. (82)
One mechanism of action is likely to involve increased concentrations of GABA in the brain. Increased concentrations of GABA are associated with a decrease in CNS activity and this action may, therefore, be involved in the reported sedative activity. (1)
Biochemical studies have documented that valerenic acid inhibits the enzyme system responsible for the central catabolism of GABA. (81)Valerenic acid induces the release of GABA by reversal the GABA carrier, and that the mechanism is Na+ dependent and Ca2+ independent. (82)
Herbal Use/Indication
Valerian consists of dried rhizome, roots and stolon.
(32)(33)Valerian is stated to possess sedative, mild anodyne, hypnotic, antispasmodic, carminative and hypotensive properties.
(1)Today it is mostly used as a sedative. Can be used to support mental relaxation, to aid natural sleep and for the relief of mild nervous tension.
(86)